Saturday, June 21, 2014

June 29, 2014 – The Great Commission – A Study of Matthew – Old Covenant vs New Covenant




Matthew 28:18-20 – New International Version (NIV) – The Great Commission
18 “Then Jesus came to them and said, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.”

Old Covenant vs New Covenant

Matthew 12:1-8 – New International Version (NIV)
1 “At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry and began to pick some heads of grain and eat them. When the Pharisees saw this, they said to him, “Look! Your disciples are doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath.”
He answered, “Haven’t you read what David did when he and his companions were hungry? He entered the house of God, and he and his companions ate the consecrated bread—which was not lawful for them to do, but only for the priests. Or haven’t you read in the Law that the priests on Sabbath duty in the temple desecrate the Sabbath and yet are innocent? I tell you that something greater than the temple is here. If you had known what these words mean, ‘I desire mercy, not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the innocent. For the Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath.”

Where was Jesus (verse 1)?

What were His disciples doing (verse 1)?

Who protested that what the disciples were doing were unlawful (verse 2)?

In your opinion, why would Jesus mention David in His response (verse 3)?

What did David do (verse 4)?

Why was what David did wrong (verse 4)?

How did priests in the temple desecrate the Sabbath (verse 5)?

What is here that is greater than the temple (verse 6)?

In your opinion, what is meant by “I desire mercy, not sacrifice” (verse 7)?

Who is the Lord of the Sabbath (verse 8)?
In your opinion, what does this passage from Matthew 12:1-8 show us about the Great Commission?
1 Samuel 21:1-6 – New International Version (NIV)
1 “David went to Nob, to Ahimelek the priest. Ahimelek trembled when he met him, and asked, “Why are you alone? Why is no one with you?”
David answered Ahimelek the priest, “The king sent me on a mission and said to me, ‘No one is to know anything about the mission I am sending you on.’ As for my men, I have told them to meet me at a certain place. Now then, what do you have on hand? Give me five loaves of bread, or whatever you can find.”
But the priest answered David, “I don’t have any ordinary bread on hand; however, there is some consecrated bread here—provided the men have kept themselves from women.”
David replied, “Indeed women have been kept from us, as usual whenever I set out. The men’s bodies are holy even on missions that are not holy. How much more so today!” So the priest gave him the consecrated bread, since there was no bread there except the bread of the Presence that had been removed from before the Lord and replaced by hot bread on the day it was taken away.”
Who did David go to see (verse 1)?
In your opinion, why did the person ask David “Why are you alone?” (verse 1)?
How did David answer the question (verse 2)?
What does David ask for (verse 3)?
How was the bread that was on hand special (verse 4)?
What was required of the men before the bread could be given to them (verse 4)?
How does David indicate that the men are okay (verse 5)?
Why was David given the consecrated bread (verse 6)?
In your opinion, what does David getting the consecrated bread help us understand why it was okay for the disciples to pluck grains and eat them on the Sabbath in Matthew 12:1-8?
In your opinion, what does this passage from 1 Samuel show us about the Great Commission?

Leviticus 24:1-9 – New International Version (NIV)
1 “The Lord said to Moses, “Command the Israelites to bring you clear oil of pressed olives for the light so that the lamps may be kept burning continually. Outside the curtain that shields the ark of the covenant law in the tent of meeting, Aaron is to tend the lamps before the Lord from evening till morning, continually. This is to be a lasting ordinance for the generations to come. The lamps on the pure gold lampstand before the Lord must be tended continually.
“Take the finest flour and bake twelve loaves of bread, using two-tenths of an ephah for each loaf. Arrange them in two stacks, six in each stack, on the table of pure gold before the Lord. By each stack put some pure incense as a memorial portion to represent the bread and to be a food offering presented to the Lord. This bread is to be set out before the Lord regularly, Sabbath after Sabbath, on behalf of the Israelites, as a lasting covenant. It belongs to Aaron and his sons, who are to eat it in the sanctuary area, because it is a most holy part of their perpetual share of the food offerings presented to the Lord.”
Who spoke to Moses (verse 1)?
Why were the Israelites to bring “clear oil of pressed olives” (verse 2)?
Where are the lamps that Aaron is to tend “from evening till morning, continually” (verse 3)?
In your opinion, why are the “lamps on the pure gold lampstand” considered to be “before the Lord” (verse 4)?
What kind of flour is to be used to bake the twelve loaves of bread (verse 5)?
In your opinion, why is the table that they set on made of pure gold (verse 6)?
What is to be put by each stack of bread as a memorial portion (verse 7)?
What does the bread that is set out before the Lord represent (verse 8)?
Who does the bread belong to (verse 9)?
Where is the bread to be eaten (verse 9)?
In your opinion, how does this passage from Leviticus 24:1-9 help us to understand about what David and the priest did in 1 Samuel 21:1-6?
In your opinion, how does the passage from Leviticus 24:1-9 help us understand what Jesus said in Matthew 12:1-8 about what David?
In your opinion, what does this passage from Leviticus show us about the Great Commission? 
   
Hebrews 8 – New International Version (NIV)
1 “Now the main point of what we are saying is this: We do have such a high priest, who sat down at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in heaven, and who serves in the sanctuary, the true tabernacle set up by the Lord, not by a mere human being.
Every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices, and so it was necessary for this one also to have something to offer. If he were on earth, he would not be a priest, for there are already priests who offer the gifts prescribed by the law. They serve at a sanctuary that is a copy and shadow of what is in heaven. This is why Moses was warned when he was about to build the tabernacle: “See to it that you make everything according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.” But in fact the ministry Jesus has received is as superior to theirs as the covenant of which he is mediator is superior to the old one, since the new covenant is established on better promises.
For if there had been nothing wrong with that first covenant, no place would have been sought for another. But God found fault with the people and said:
“The days are coming, declares the Lord,
    when I will make a new covenant
with the people of Israel
    and with the people of Judah.
It will not be like the covenant
    I made with their ancestors
when I took them by the hand
    to lead them out of Egypt,
because they did not remain faithful to my covenant,
    and I turned away from them,
declares the Lord.
10 This is the covenant I will establish with the people of Israel
    after that time, declares the Lord.
I will put my laws in their minds
    and write them on their hearts.
I will be their God,
    and they will be my people.
11 No longer will they teach their neighbor,
    or say to one another, ‘Know the Lord,’
because they will all know me,
    from the least of them to the greatest.
12 For I will forgive their wickedness
    and will remember their sins no more.”
13 By calling this covenant “new,” he has made the first one obsolete; and what is obsolete and outdated will soon disappear.”
Where did our “high priest” sit (verse 1)?
Who set up the “true tabernacle” (verse 2)?
What is every high priest “appointed to offer” (verse 3)?
Why would He not be a priest on earth (verse 4)?
How is the sanctuary that the earthly priests serve in described (verse 5)?
How does the covenant of which Jesus is the mediator compare with the old covenant (verse 6)?
In your opinion, why would God find “fault with the people” (verse 8)?
Why will the new covenant be different from the old covenant (verse 9)?
Where will God put the laws (verse 10)?
What will God be to the people (verse 11)?
Why will people no longer teach their neighbor or say “Know the Lord” (verse 11)?
In your opinion, why will God be able to “remember their sins no more” (verse 12)?
What will happen to the obsolete and outdated covenant (verse 13)?
In your opinion, how does the discussion of the new and old covenants in this passage from Hebrews help us understand the lasting ordinance of Leviticus 24:1-9?
In your opinion, how does the promise in Hebrews 8 For I will forgive their wickedness and will remember their sins no more” compare with the holiness of 1Samuel 21:1-6 where the priest says “provided the men have kept themselves from women”?
In your opinion, what does Paul’s comparison of our High Priest and the high priests under the old covenant in Hebrews 8 help us understand what Jesus said in Matthew 12:1-8 that something greater than the temple is here”?
In your opinion, what does this passage from Hebrews show us about the Great Commission?


Next, back to Matthew 12:9 – (sprucewhispers.blogspot.com)

No comments:

Post a Comment